This is an illustration that depicts the cardinal plane movements of the lower extremity. This is a biomechanical demonstration of the functional orthopedic nature of podiatry In the anatomical lower extremity, there exist three cardinal planes: Sagittal, Frontal, & Transverse. Anatomical motion that occur parallel to these planes are considered to be the dominate motions of that plane. The Horizontal, or Transverse, plane divides the foot in a superior and inferior half. Adduction and Abduction are the motion that occur. Parallel to this plane, adduction is when the foot and leg are medially rotated towards the midline of the body, and Abduction is when the foot and leg are laterally rotated away from the midline. The Frontal, or Coronal, plane divides the foot in to Anterior and Posterior portions. Inversion and Eversion are the motions that occur parallel in this plane. Inversion is when the plantar surface of the foot rotates toward the midline of the body and Eversion is then the plantar surface of the foot rotates away from the midline of the body. The Sagittal plane, which in the foot is approximated to the osteological axis of the 2nd metatarsal, separates the foot in to medial and lateral halves. Parallel to this plane, Dorsiflexion and Plantarflexion refer to the relationship between the surface of the foot and the anterior surface of the leg. Thus dorsiflexion is when the dorsum of the foot moves toward the leg whereas plantarflexion is defined when the dorsal …